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Atlas, J. D., & Levinson, S. C. (1981). It-clefts, informativeness and logical form: Radical pragmatics (revised standard version). In P. Cole (
Ed. ), Radical pragmatics (pp. 1-62). New York: Academic Press. -
Bock, K., & Levelt, W. J. M. (1994). Language production: Grammatical encoding. In M. A. Gernsbacher (
Ed. ), Handbook of Psycholinguistics (pp. 945-984). San Diego,: Academic Press. -
Bouman, M. A., & Levelt, W. J. M. (1994). Werner E. Reichardt: Levensbericht. In H. W. Pleket (
Ed. ), Levensberichten en herdenkingen 1993 (pp. 75-80). Amsterdam: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen. -
Bowerman, M. (1981). Language development. In H. Triandis, & A. Heron (
Eds. ), Handbook of cross cultural psychology, Vol. 4: Developmental Psychology (pp. 93-185). Boston: Allyn & Bacon. -
Bowerman, M. (1994). Learning a semantic system: What role do cognitive predispositions play? [Reprint]. In P. Bloom (
Ed. ), Language acquisition: Core readings (pp. 329-363). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Abstract
Reprint from: Bowerman, M. (1989). Learning a semantic system: What role do cognitive predispositions play? In M.L. Rice & R.L Schiefelbusch (Ed.), The teachability of language (pp. 133-169). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes. -
Bowerman, M. (1981). The child's expression of meaning: Expanding relationships among lexicon, syntax, and morphology. In H. Winitz (
Ed. ), Native language and foreign language acquisition (pp. 172-189). New York: New York Academy of Sciences. -
Brown, P., Macintyre, M., Morpeth, R., & Prendergast, S. (1981). A daughter: A thing to be given away. In Cambridge Women's Studies Group (
Ed. ), Women in society: Interdisciplinary essays (pp. 127-145). London: Virago. -
Brown, P., & Jordanova, L. (1981). Oppressive dichotomies: The nature/culture debate. In Cambridge Women's Studies Group (
Ed. ), Women in society: Interdisciplinary essays (pp. 224-241). London: Virago. -
Brown, P. (1981). Universals and particulars in the position of women. In Cambridge Women's Studies Group (
Ed. ), Women in society: Interdisciplinary essays (pp. 242-256). London: Virago. -
Cutler, A. (1981). The cognitive reality of suprasegmental phonology. In T. Myers, J. Laver, & J. Anderson (
Eds. ), The cognitive representation of speech (pp. 399-400). Amsterdam: North-Holland. -
D'Avis, F.-J., & Gretsch, P. (1994). Variations on "Variation": On the Acquisition of Complementizers in German. In R. Tracy, & E. Lattey (
Eds. ), How Tolerant is Universal Grammar? (pp. 59-109). Tübingen, Germany: Max-Niemeyer-Verlag.Files private
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Hagoort, P., & Brown, C. M. (1994). Brain responses to lexical ambiguity resolution and parsing. In C. Clifton Jr, L. Frazier, & K. Rayner (
Eds. ), Perspectives on sentence processing (pp. 45-81). Hilsdale NY: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. -
Kempen, G. (1981). Taalpsychologie. In H. Duijker, & P. Vroon (
Eds. ), Codex Psychologicus (pp. 205-221). Amsterdam: Elsevier. -
Klein, W., & Rath, R. (1981). Automatische Lemmatisierung deutscher Flexionsformen. In R. Herzog (
Ed. ), Computer in der Übersetzungswissenschaft (pp. 94-142). Framkfurt am Main, Bern: Verlag Peter Lang. -
Klein, W. (1981). Eine kommentierte Bibliographie zur Computerlinguistik. In R. Herzog (
Ed. ), Computer in der Übersetzungswissenschaft (pp. 95-142). Frankfurt am Main: Lang. -
Klein, W. (1967). Einführende Bibliographie zu "Mathematik und Dichtung". In H. Kreuzer, & R. Gunzenhäuser (
Eds. ), Mathematik und Dichtung (pp. 347-359). München: Nymphenburger. -
Klein, W. (1994). Für eine rein zeitliche Deutung von Tempus und Aspekt. In R. Baum (
Ed. ), Lingua et Traditio: Festschrift für Hans Helmut Christmann zum 65. Geburtstag (pp. 409-422). Tübingen: Narr. -
Klein, W. (1994). Keine Känguruhs zur Linken: Über die Variabilität von Raumvorstellungen und ihren Ausdruck in der Sprache. In H.-J. Kornadt, J. Grabowski, & R. Mangold-Allwinn (
Eds. ), Sprache und Kognition (pp. 163-182). Heidelberg, Berlin, Oxford: Spektrum. -
Klein, W. (1981). Knowing a language and knowing to communicate: A case study in foreign workers' communication. In A. Vermeer (
Ed. ), Language problems of minority groups (pp. 75-95). Tilburg: Tilburg University. -
Klein, W. (1994). Learning how to express temporality in a second language. In A. G. Ramat, & M. Vedovelli (
Eds. ), Società di linguistica Italiana, SLI 34: Italiano - lingua seconda/lingua straniera: Atti del XXVI Congresso (pp. 227-248). Roma: Bulzoni. -
Klein, W. (1981). Logik der Argumentation. In Institut für deutsche Sprache (
Ed. ), Dialogforschung: Jahrbuch 1980 des Instituts für deutsche Sprache (pp. 226-264). Düsseldorf: Schwann. -
Klein, W. (1981). Some rules of regular ellipsis in German. In W. Klein, & W. J. M. Levelt (
Eds. ), Crossing the boundaries in linguistics: Studies presented to Manfred Bierwisch (pp. 51-78). Dordrecht: Reidel. -
Levelt, W. J. M. (1994). Psycholinguistics. In A. M. Colman (
Ed. ), Companion Encyclopedia of Psychology: Vol. 1 (pp. 319-337). London: Routledge.Abstract
Linguistic skills are primarily tuned to the proper conduct of conversation. The innate ability to converse has provided species with a capacity to share moods, attitudes, and information of almost any kind, to assemble knowledge and skills, to plan coordinated action, to educate its offspring, in short, to create and transmit culture. In conversation the interlocutors are involved in negotiating meaning. Speaking is most complex cognitive-motor skill. It involves the conception of an intention, the selection of information whose expression will make that intention recognizable, the selection of appropriate words, the construction of a syntactic framework, the retrieval of the words’ sound forms, and the computation of an articulatory plan for each word and for the utterance as a whole. The question where communicative intentions come from is a psychodynamic question rather than a psycholinguistic one. Speaking is a form of social action, and it is in the context of action that intentions, goals, and subgoals develop. -
Levelt, W. J. M., & Maassen, B. (1981). Lexical search and order of mention in sentence production. In W. Klein, & W. J. M. Levelt (
Eds. ), Crossing the boundaries in linguistics (pp. 221-252). Dordrecht: Reidel. -
Levelt, W. J. M. (1994). The skill of speaking. In P. Bertelson, P. Eelen, & G. d'Ydewalle (
Eds. ), International perspectives on psychological science: Vol. 1. Leading themes (pp. 89-103). Hove: Erlbaum. -
Levinson, S. C. (1994). Deixis. In R. E. Asher (
Ed. ), Encyclopedia of language and linguistics (pp. 853-857). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Levinson, S. C. (1981). The essential inadequacies of speech act models of dialogue. In H. Parret, M. Sbisà, & J. Verscheuren (
Eds. ), Possibilities and limitations of pragmatics: Proceedings of the Conference on Pragmatics, Urbino, July 8–14, 1979 (pp. 473-492). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. -
Levinson, S. C., & Senft, G. (1994). Wie lösen Sprecher von Sprachen mit absoluten und relativen Systemen des räumlichen Verweisens nicht-sprachliche räumliche Aufgaben? In Jahrbuch der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 1994 (pp. 295-299). München: Generalverwaltung der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft München.
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Senft, G. (1994). Darum gehet hin und lehret alle Völker: Mission, Kultur- und Sprachwandel am Beispiel der Trobriand-Insulaner von Papua-Neuguinea. In P. Stüben (
Ed. ), Seelenfischer: Mission, Stammesvölker und Ökologie (pp. 71-91). Gießen: Focus. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Categorial presupposition. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 2) (pp. 477-478). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Accommodation and presupposition. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 1) (pp. 15-16). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Denotation in discourse semantics. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 2) (pp. 859-860). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Donkey sentences. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 2) (pp. 1059-1060). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Discourse domain. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 2) (pp. 964-965). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Discourse semantics. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 2) (pp. 982-993). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Factivity. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 3) (pp. 1205). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Function, set-theoretical. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 3) (pp. 1314). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Incrementation. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 3) (pp. 1646). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Lexical conditions. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 4) (pp. 2140-2141). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Existence predicate (discourse semantics). In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 3) (pp. 1190-1191). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Existential presupposition. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 3) (pp. 1191-1192). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Presupposition. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 6) (pp. 3311-3320). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Projection problem. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 6) (pp. 3358-3360). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Sign. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 7) (pp. 3885-3888). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Syntax and semantics: Relationship. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
Eds. ), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (vol. 8) (pp. 4494-4500). Oxford: Pergamon Press. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1981). Taaluniversalia. In W. De Geest, R. Dirven, & Y. Putseys (
Eds. ), Twintig facetten van de taalwetenschap (pp. 112-126). Louvain: Acco. -
Seuren, P. A. M. (1994). Prediction and retrodiction. In R. E. Asher, & J. M. Y. Simpson (
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Van Valin Jr., R. D. (1994). Extraction restrictions, competing theories and the argument from the poverty of the stimulus. In S. D. Lima, R. Corrigan, & G. K. Iverson (
Eds. ), The reality of linguistic rules (pp. 243-259). Amsterdam: Benjamins. -
Weissenborn, J. (1981). L'acquisition des prepositions spatiales: problemes cognitifs et linguistiques. In C. Schwarze (
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