How children talk about a conversation
This study investigates how children of different ages talk about a
conversation that they have witnessed. 48 Turkish children, five, nine
and thirteen years in age, saw a televised dialogue between two Sesame
Street characters (Bert and Ernie). Afterward, they narrated what they
had seen and heard. Their reports were analysed for the development of
linguistic devices used to orient their listeners to the relevant properties
of a conversational exchange. Each utterance in the child's narrative
was analysed as to its conversational role: (1) whether the child used
direct or indirect quotation frames; (2) whether the child marked the
boundaries of conversational turns using speakers' names and (3)
whether the child used a marker for pairing of utterances made
by different speakers (agreement-disagreement, request-refusal,
questioning-answering). Within pairings, children's use of (a) the
temporal and evaluative connectivity markers and (b) the kind of verb of
saying were identified. The data indicate that there is a developmental
change in children's ability to use appropriate linguistic means to orient
their listeners to the different properties of a conversation. The development
and use of these linguistic means enable the child to establish
different social roles in a narrative interaction. The findings are interpreted
in terms of the child's social-communicative development from
being a ' character' to becoming a ' narrator' and ' author' of the reported
conversation in the narrative situation.
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